Jumper

The landscape of genetic alterations in ameloblastomas relates to clinical features

Ameloblastoma is a mostly benign, but locally invasive odontogenic tumor eliciting frequent relapses and significant morbidity. Recently, mutually exclusive mutations in BRAF and SMO were identified causing constitutive activation of MAPK and hedgehog signaling pathways. To explore further such clinically relevant genotype-phenotype correlations, we here comprehensively analyzed a large series of ameloblastomas (98 kerosene block of 76 patients) with respect to genomic alterations, clinical presentation, and histological features collected from the archives of three different pathology centers in France, Germany, and Turkey. In good agreement with previously published data, we observed BRAF mutations almost exclusively in mandibular tumors, SMO mutations predominantly in maxillary tumors, and single mutations in EGFR, KRAS, and NRAS. KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, CDKN2A, FGFR, and CTNNB1 mutations co-occurred in the background of either BRAF or SMO mutations...

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FRONTIERS

Immune modulation in transplant medicine: a comprehensive review of cell therapy applications and future directions

Balancing the immune response after solid organ and vascularized composite allotransplantation remains a significant clinical challenge. This review delves into the promising field of cellular therapies, exploring how cells like MSCs, T cells, Tregs, RMCs, macrophages, and dendritic cells may help achieve immune tolerance while minimizing the side effects of traditional immunosuppressive treatments. With a focus on their immunological roles, potential benefits, and associated challenges, this paper provides valuable insights into how these innovative therapies could transform transplant outcomes and shape future treatment strategies.

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JPRAS

From Novel Facial Measurements to Facial Implantology: A Systematic Review

Facial implants have become essential tools for reconstructive and aesthetic skull bone augmentation, with advancements in computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) allowing for highly personalized implant production. However, the lack of standardized facial measurements complicates the ability to compare outcomes effectively across techniques. This systematic review explores the strengths and limitations of different facial measurement methods, focusing on their impact on aesthetic outcomes and potential complications. Through an analysis of 13 studies sourced from major databases, we aim to provide insights into the role of these measurements in improving facial implant procedures.

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MDPI

Face the Future-Artificial Intelligence in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) by offering innovative solutions for preoperative planning, intraoperative workflow, and postoperative care. This review explores the current applications of AI in OMFS, from improving radiographic image quality to diagnosing cysts and tumors and enhancing surgical accuracy. Through an in-depth review of existing literature, the authors highlight AI's potential to revolutionize clinical practice by providing personalized treatment strategies, supporting decision-making, and addressing longstanding challenges in the field. This comprehensive summary also outlines future research directions to further integrate AI into OMFS for improved patient outcomes.

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FRONTIERS

Balancing beauty and science: a review of facial implant materials in craniofacial surgery

Facial reconstruction and augmentation play a crucial role in addressing defects caused by trauma, tumors, infections, and congenital skeletal deficiencies. Aesthetic concerns, such as age-related volume loss and changes in facial projection, often require implants for correction. This review examines various materials used in facial plastic surgery, including autologous, allogeneic, and alloplastic options. While autologous materials like bone and fat have limitations, alloplastic materials such as titanium, silicone, polyethylene, PEEK, and bioceramics offer promising alternatives, each with unique benefits and challenges. Advances like 3D bioprinting with hydroxyapatite-based bioinks present exciting possibilities for custom implants. The review highlights the need for further research and large-scale trials to determine the optimal materials for facial augmentation and their long-term outcomes.

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JPRAS

Early outcomes and risk factors for complications after facial alloplastic implant surgery: An ACS-NSQIP study

Facial implantology (FI) is an emerging field in facial surgery that aims to enhance facial harmony and balance. Despite its growing popularity, there is a lack of large-scale studies evaluating the outcomes and risks associated with FI. This study uses the ACS-NSQIP database (2008-2021) to analyze patients who underwent combined or isolated alloplastic FI surgery in the malar or mandibular regions. By focusing on specific CPT codes (21125; 21270), the research explores the distinctions and outcomes of these procedures, offering valuable insights into the effectiveness and safety of facial implant surgery.